本論は，国際的な高速交通体系T.G.V.の再編が，リールという一つの都市とその都市域にいかに新たな変容を与えられたかに関して考察するものである．EU統合の進展は，西ヨーロッパにおける高速鉄道網に整備と再編を促した．とりわけ，T.G.V.網は，従来，パリを単一の結節点として，主としてフランス国内に拡大してきたが，1994年の英仏海峡トンネル(ユーロトンネル)開通を契機として，ロンドンとブリュッセル，アムステルダム，ケルンに順次到達した．この過程で，リールはT.G.V.網の副次的な結節点となり，その地理的位置は，とくに交通網とボーダレス化からみて，大幅に変化した．すなわち，主要都市間の近接性が著しく異なるようになった．同時に，リール市街地では，T.G.V.新駅を核心とするユーラリール開発計画により，既存の中心部は著しく変容しつつある．しかし，一方，リールとパリがT.G.V.によって，60分間に短縮されたために，将来に向けて，リールはパリの郊外になりさがるという悲観論者もいる．そのため，リール大都市圏の自立化が今こそ求められている．

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the realignment of high-speed transportation system T.G.V. affects the Lille City and its urban area. Being the wish of the European, the Channel Tunnel was opened to traffic on May 6, 1994. The Lille City was one of the ends of the T.G.V. network centered by Paris, but as a result of the opening of the Channel Tunnel, the time distance between Lille and Paris was reduced to 60 minutes, and furthermore, Lille became the transit center between Paris and London, being connected directly to the main cities in southern France. To the foreign main cities, Lille is connected not only to London, but also to Brussels and Amsterdam, and became one of the important nodal cities. With the establishment of the new Lille Station of T.G.V., the Euralille Development Plan centering around the new station has been promoted on a large scale. In this plan, the functions such as commerce, service, office, and conference, which were lack in Lille before, are intensified. And the urban region of Lille is enlarged to include Belgium. On the one hand, in the traditional districts center by the Grand Place, the renovation work is enforced in order to build beautiful and fine sight area and attract more guests. With the development of new districts and the redevelopment of traditional districts, the guests taken away by the suburban large-scale retail stores tend to come back to the center of city. Furthermore, the regional function share such as the daily necessities in the Grand Place and the high-quality articles in the traditional districts is developed. But on the other hand, because it has been shortened to 60 minutes from Lille to Paris with the T.G.V., some pessimists also think that Lille will become a suburban area of Paris in the future. Therefore, in the period of borderless, the independence of Lille Metropolitan should be demanded further from now on. It is planned to build a new high-speed line to Cologne (Brussels - Cologne) and new airport along the T.G.V. from Lille to Brussels in the future. From a regional opinion, the country border will disappear with the realization of cross-border subway to Belgium; therefore the base power of the city center of Lille will be improved.

研究ノート