小河内貯水池流域における水収支と流出率

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • Water Balance and Runoff in the Ogouchi Reservoir Catchment
  • オゴウチ チョスイチ リュウイキ ニ オケル ミズ シュウシ ト リュウシュツ

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説明

本研究は，流域の水収支にしばしば利用されている気候学的水収支法の信頼性を検討するため，水文観測が比較的完備されている東京都の小河内貯水池流域を対象とし実測流出高と算出流出高の比較を行った．その結果，実測年流出率は51.2～78.3%，計算年流出率は53.4～74.5%，平均年流出率はそれぞれ63.5%と66.5%で，実測の月平均流出量と気候学的に求めた月平均流出量との相関係数は0.88であった．精度のよい気候資料が得られ，かつ積雪が少ない流域では，気候学的水収支計算が平均的な流出量の推定に十分な精度で利用できることを示した．

This study aims to check the accuracy of Thornthwaite's method used frequently in the water balance calculation of basins where the data on runoff are insufficient. The Ogouchi reservoir catchment is selected for the study where the long records of acculate runoff measurements and several rainfall stations are available. The data were taken from “Annual Report on the Operation of the Ogouchi Reservoir” published by the Waterworks Bureau of Tokyo Metropolitan Government. The results are summarized as follows. 1) Annual precipitation fluctuates widely from 1083.4mm to 2324.0mm. 2) Annual runoff rate (R/P) calculated from the observed river discharge varies widely. Annual evaporation amount estimated from the observed runoff (E=P-R) is between 435.5mm and 843.8mm. Annual runoff rate (Ws/P) calculated from water surplus in the climatological water balance varies along the line of annual evapotranspiration of 570mm. 3) Soil moisture storage originates from the precipitation in February, March and August, September. Soil moisture decreases in a period from October to the drought season of next water year. 4) Correlation coefficient between monthly calaulated runoff and monthly observed runoff is 0.88. 5) Annual observed runoff rate is between 51.2% and 78.3%, annual computed runoff rate is between 53.4% and 74.5%. Annual mean runoff rate is 63.5% and 66.5%, for the observed and calculated ones respectively. 6) For the above reasons, climatic water balance by Thornthwaite's method can be applied for estimating the mean runoff where the hydrological date are insufficient.

収録刊行物

  • 地域研究

    地域研究 37 (1), 1-10, 1996-10-20

    立正地理学会

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