インドネシア・東スンバ県 パフンガ・ロドゥ郡の 村落社会における世帯と経済

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  • Households and their Economics in Rural Society of Pahunga Lodu, East Sumba Regency, Indonesia
  • インドネシア ・ ヒガシスンバ ケン パフンガ ・ ロドゥグン ノ ソンラク シャカイ ニ オケル セタイ ト ケイザイ

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The purpose of this paper is to report some results of the research project titled “The Anthropological Study of Kinship and Family in the Changing Rural Societies in Indonesia” which was funded by the Research Institute of St. Andrew’s University. I conducted an anthropological fieldwork from August to September, 2011 in the village of Kamutuk (pseudonym), Pahunga Lodu subdistrict, East Sumba regency, Indonesia. Socio-cultural and economic data on one hundred households were acquired to elucidate the household economics of the villagers. These data are compared with those collected in two villages of Haharu subdistrict in 2010. Kamutuk contrasts sharply with the villages in Haharu in terms of ethnicity and agricultural development. The aim here is to better understand the differences in households and their economics between the two regions. Compared with the homogeneous villages in Haharu, Kamutuk is a rural society with diverse ethnicities and religions. Savunese Christians and Javanese Muslims live among the Sumbanese majority. Most members of Uma Andungu (House of Andungu) of the Sumbanese dominant clan (kabihu) were converted to Islam. This case depicts the strong unity of the house (uma) which has not been eradicated by the modernization prevailing in the nation-state of Indonesia. One household of this Muslim house is very rich in not only the agricultural fields and livestock but also modern consumer goods such as satellite dishes and motorbikes. Their remarkable wealth is supposed to originate from the manpower of “slaves” (ata) as well as the rice fields the family inherited from previous generations. An openness accepting the Javanese immigrants exists alongside the “traditional” hierarchy in Kamutuk

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