欧米における日本庭園受容の歴史的特性と現在

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  • オウベイ ニ オケル ニホン テイエン ジュヨウ ノ レキシテキ トクセイ ト ゲンザイ

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This paper reports the results of research conducted during my Sabbatical year in 2018. With the theme “Study on the Western perception of Japanese gardens”, I specifically focused on three topics :(1)Collecting the data on Japanese gardens built overseas,(2)Researching “the Japanese gardens overseas restoration project” by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism launched in 2017, and(3)Surveying the Portland Japanese Garden as a case study of a successful Japanese garden overseas. Regarding the first topic, Collecting the data on Japanese gardens built overseas, I thoroughly studied the research conducted by Suzuki Makoto, a pioneer of this field. Suzuki’s research empirically examined the relationship between the World’s Fair in the latter half of the 19th century, Japonisme, and Japanese gardens constructed overseas. Scrutinizing these research outcomes enabled to gain insight about the specific historical condition and it also complement my previous research about the Western discourse on Japanese gardens in the late 19th to the early 20th century. Regarding the second topic, researching “the Japanese gardens overseas restoration project” revealed how it was provoked by rather political purposes than mere project by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. This project was derived by “the Council for the Development of a Tourism Vision to Support the Future of Japan” and “Grassroots Government Taskforce on Strengthening Japan-U.S. Ties” and is expected to contribute to those schemes. This project launched in 2017, and the plan was to restore and regenerate about 50 Japanese gardens overseas in five years. As this project is scheduled to be completed in 2021, I will continue my research on it, especially on the process of and criteria for being selected as gardens to be restored. Regarding “the Survey on the Portland Japanese Garden as a case study of a successful Japanese garden overseas” as the third topic, I have deepened my understanding of how unique systems were established in the Portland Japanese Garden, that is to place “the director”, “the garden curator” and “the art curator”. With this unique system, the Portland Japanese Garden not only inherited traditional techniques and ideas of Japanese gardens, but also evolves as a Cultural institution attracting today’s visitors. The way of management of the Portland Japanese Garden, especially that of the uniquely established systems, seems to provide a thought-provoking example which might be referred to by other Japanese gardens overseas as well as domes-tic ones for “inbound tourism”. The researches on “the Japanese gardens overseas restoration project” and the Portland Japanese Garden led me to understand the current issues that Japanese gardens overseas face and the findings of these researches will be the basis for my further study on these issues.

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