Direct Observation of Photo-Induced Reversible Sol-Gel Transition in Block Copolymer Self-Assembly Containing an Azobenzene Ionic Liquid

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Using atomic force microscopy, the photo-induced reversible changes in a block copolymer self-assembly containing an azobenzene ionic liquid, which undergoes sol–gel transition is directly observed. This is the first report on the sol–gel transition of an ABA-type block copolymer consisting of upper critical solution temperature (UCST)-type A blocks in a photoresponsive ionic liquid mixture. The sol–gel transition is accompanied by an order-to-disorder structural change, which subsequently induces a change in the ionic conductivity. Surprisingly, the photo-induced ionic conductivity and rheological changes occurs rapidly (≈30 s) despite the dense (≈80 wt%) polymeric system. The rapid structural change is probably attributable to the fast diffusion of the ionic liquid.

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