Hawaiian directionals aku and a'e in comparative expressions and additional expressions

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  • 比較の表現及び追加の表現におけるハワイ語の方向詞akuとa'e
  • ヒカク ノ ヒョウゲン オヨビ ツイカ ノ ヒョウゲン ニ オケル ハワイゴ ノ ホウコウシ aku ト a e

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Abstract

There are many types of comparative and additional expressions in Hawaiian, where directionals are often used. This suggests some semantic connection between comparative expressions and additional expressions. Hawaiian has four directionals, among which aku ‘away’ and a‘e ‘upward’ are found in comparative and additional expressions very often. This paper gives an outline of comparative expressions and additional expressions with those two directionals. They are similarly used in comparative expressions meaning “A is more ... than B” and “A is B(numerical value) or more” and additional expressions meaning “other/another/ different/next...”. On the other hand, only one of them is found in some types of expressions. The directional a‘e is found in comparative expressions meaning “A becomes more ...”, while the directional aku is found in additional expressions meaning “there are more ... ” and “...and so on”.

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