Recent Survey on Diving Fishers in Japan

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A questionnaire survey was distributed to 2,135 Costal Fisheries Cooperative Associations (CFCA) in 1986-87 to obtain updated informations on diving fishers in Japan. Out of 2,135 CFCAs, 764 were conducting diving fishery. The number of male diving fishers was 12,264 and that of female was 3,037. The breath-hold divers made 63.6% of all diving-fishing divers. The fishers in their forties occupied 30.1%, indicating that the average age was getting higher and they were in want of successors. The energetics of diving-fishers were measured using two types of diving data loggers, one developed by Henderson et al, and the other by Vine Bionic Systems. Both loggers have the same operational characteristics. The subjects were 4 unassisted divers (Cachido-Ama) who wore wet suits and swim fins, and 9 assisted divers (Funado-Ama). The depth and R-R intervals were recorded every second, and total time in water, total diving time, total surface time, total number of dives per day, average depth of single dive, average deepest dive, average single dive time, average longest dive, descent velocity, ascent velocity, descent time, ascent time and bottom time per dive were calculated. The average diving duration time and depth in Cachido-Ama were 37.0±0.4 sec and 6.9±0.1m and in Funado-Ama 68.5±4.3 sec and 9.7±0.5m, respectively. Total diving time was 63±12 min in Cachido-Ama and 26±2 min in Funado-Ama. But total bottom time in Funado-Ama was 45.0 sec much longer than in Cachido-Ama. Funado-Ama was thought to be more profitable for underwater fishing.

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