〈ノート〉多体問題とグリーン関数との関係の研究--グリーン関数と多体問題(18) 量子統計力学(10)

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  • 〈Scientific Report〉Studies of relations between many-body problems and Green functions: Green function and many-body problems (18) Quantum statistical mechanics (10)

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[Synopsis] The example of matter in the Bose-Einstein condensation is liquid He II . The liquid Hell has many strange properties different from normal liquid. In this paper, we translate a part of "CHAPRER 13 SUPERFLUIDS in STATISTICAL MECHANICS SECOND EDITION written by KERSON HUANG" into Japanese and properly explain the difficult parts of it. The liquid He II is a superfluid and it is a fluid that flows without dissipation of energy. The liquid Hell can flow through the tiniest tube (0.1μm ＞＞ diamete) without viscosity. The liquid He II craw up walls and coat all inside surfaces of its container. And if it is placed in a open beaker, the liquid will craw up the wall, across the rim, and out of the beaker. Tisza's two-fluid model is made up of two components called the normal fluid an the superfluid. The normal fluid is supposed to behave like an ordinary classical fluid, whereas the superfluid has the unusual properties that its entropy is zero. In this way, we can understand many strange properties (mechanocaloric effect, fountain effect, and second sound phenomenon) of liquid He II .

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