<Review> Histone Lysine Demethylase and Human Diseases

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[Abstract] Post-translational modifications of histones are important regulatory mechanisms of numerous biological processes such as gene transcription, DNA damage response, hormonal responses, and metabolism. Recent growing evidence indicates that dysregulation of these modifications has strong impact on onset and progression of human diseases including cancer, immune disorder, and obesity. Here we summarize regulatory mechanisms of histone lysine methylation with special emphasis on how the homeostasis of histone methylations are regulated and how deregulated demethylation process contributes to the pathological conditions. Since epigenetics is tightly linked to numerous biological phenomena, further understanding of regulatory mechanisms underlying epigenetic alterations may identify novel therapeutic intervention of human diseases and, eventually, lead to personalized medicine.

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