〈Original Papers〉Study of biofuel derived from satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu) peel

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Abstract

[SUMMARY] Bio-ethanol production from carbohydrates, crops containing starch, and cellulosic forest thinning are receiving increasing attention as renewable alternative energies to counteract the exhaustion of fossil fuels and to improve the environment against global warming. This research has examined the utilization of Satsuma mandarin (citrus unshiu) peels, obtained via a normal disposal process in Japan, to produce bio-ethanol, including identifying the most suitable diastatic fermenting yeast. As a result, we found that a combination of Aspergillus niger as an enzyme for saccharification and standard bread yeast for alcohol conversion during the fermentation produced ethanol with a good inversion rate. Furthermore, the experiment demonstrated that, as a raw material, the peels of Satsuma mandarin (citrus unshiu) require a dryness of over 99％ to function in an appropriate reaction scheme. In addition, combustion experiments that ethanol mixed with varying amounts of kerosene petroleum demonstrated the possibility of using the ethanol obtained as a blended fuel.

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