近世覗きからくりは何を見せたか，その1 －カラクリを覗く－

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  • キンセイ ノゾキ カラクリ ワ ナニ オ ミセタ カ(ソノ 1)カラクリ オ ノゾク
  • 05 Part 1 of “What Modern-Period Peep Karakuri Presented”“Taking a Peep at the Karakuri Device”

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Description

To understand the development of modern-period peep karakuri devices, I carried out two studies using various pictorial and written materials as well as devices kept at museums. The first study focuses on a boundary period from 1750 to just after 1770 apparent in various material on the modern peep karakuri device. The second study examines the association between Takeda karakuri and peep karakuri that occasionally emerges in materials of general modern history. The development of peep karakuri went through a rift when the Dutch introduced after 1770 the Western peep show that showed the night view. As a result, the Japanese incorporated a drawing method that created a sense of perspective and spaciousness. They converted the device to create the night view to suit their style. Such devices formed the basis of future peep karakuri. After identifying the presence of a rift in the history of peep karakuri, I examined the association with Takeda karakuri. The name nozoki karakuri （peep karakuri） derives from ‶peeping" the karakuri. Peep karakuri must have arrived from the West, since other examples of shows in boxes are not found in Japan, lenses are attached to the devices, and they are similar to the peep shows that existed in the West around the same time. Initially, it was used as it is to show landscapes and spaces with a sense of perspective. But as the Takeda karakuri gained popularity, people began to recreate simplified versions of the Takeda karakuri show in a box. Its figures were moved by pulling strings from the sides or back of the box. After 1770, a new type of peep karakuri arrived in Japan via the Dutch. Since then, two kinds of Japanese peep karakuri have emerged. One was shown under a sign reading ‶Takeda karakuri" or ‶Big karakuri," and the technique of ukiyo-e painting was used to create vast space, and the device showed day and night views. The other kind was a peep karakuri in which figures were manipulated by strings from the sides or back of the box. Only the name Takeda karakuri lived on in association with the peep karakuri that showed paintings.

Journal

  • 年報　非文字資料研究

    年報　非文字資料研究 (8), 107-136, 2012-03-20

    神奈川大学日本常民文化研究所　非文字資料研究センター

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