John Stuart Mill’s Public Philosophy and His Thought on Politics: In Relation to J. Benthamʼs Utilitarianism

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  • J. S. ミルの公共哲学と政治思想─J. ベンサムの功利主義論との関連で─

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This article analyzes John Stuart Millʼs public philosophy and his thought on politics in relation to J. Benthamʼs Utilitarianism. Bentham, the founder of Utilitarianism, asserts ʻthe greatest happiness in the greatest number.ʼ In J. S. Millʼs article, ʻUtilitarianismʼ （1861）, he asserts that utility is the consequence of a good action, and that utility refers to actions for the good of society. In his book, Considerations of Representative Government （1861）, he argues that the ideal form of government is a representative government，where social good could be achieved. Mill recognizes that cultivating peopleʼs intellectual and moral standards could bring ʻmoral revolutionʼ to society, which would lead to the ideal society. To achieve an ideal system of politics, Mill recognizes the importance of peopleʼs sympathy towards others, which could bring about good in society.

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