<報文>硫黄製錬の基礎的研究(第1報) : 加壓過熱水處理法に就いて

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  • <Original Papers>Fundamental Research on Sulfur. (I) : On the Extraction of Sulfur by Autoclave Method

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In our country the production of sulfur has been generally carried out by the method which is connected with the distillation of sulfur from ore. On the other hand, the method called an autoclave method has partly been carried out to extract sulfur by super heated water under pressure. Between these two methods, the latter process is troublesome because the mechanism of extraction of sulfur from ore is incomprehensible. From this point of view, experiments were carried out to give a conclusion on the effective factors of autoclave method. For the purpose of understanding the fundamental phenomenon of this method, two kinds of samples containing various concentration of sulfur were prepared as follows : The native ore was not used. Sample I was the mixture of sulfur flower and profitable screened silica particles. It corresponded to silicious sulfur ore in a very simple case. Sample II was sulfur flower mixed with active bentonite or kaolin to represent muddy sulfur ore. These samples were treated by super heated water under pressure in an autoclave. Main conclusions obtained from experiments are as mentioned below : (I) Extraction of sulfur always proceeds in the part, showing the stirring effect under its suitable condition, but it is also affected by the shape and fixing position of stirrer in an autoclave. (II) Extraction temperature should be held below 150℃, but higher than the melting point of sulfur. This may be thinkable from the fact that the irregular high viscosity range exists above 150℃. (III) In further experiments, Sample II is compared with Sample I under the same condition. It is recognized that the extraction of sulfur from Sample II is remarkably retarded, while Sample I shows comparatively good extraction over the wide range of its sulfur concentration. Then the addition of surface active agent such as polyoxethylene sorbitan oleate is useful in improving the extraction of sulfur from Sample II. This may be considered to be fundamentally the change of interfacial phenomenon by addition of such agent. (IV) Effect of pulp density for smaples is checked by the addition of CaCl_2 solution. Experiments are carried out under atmospheric pressure because this solution raises the boiling point up to the melting point of sulfur. The effect of pulp density is not shown when the extraction of sulfur proceeds from the loose heap of sample under slow stirring. The author recognizes that it is necessary to understand the physicochemical interfacial phenomenon between molten sulfur, superheated water and gangue for the illustration of these results.

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