Future tense presented in Chinese and Japanese : Research on "Yao""Kuai""Jiu""Hui tou""Jiang lai"

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  • 中国語の未来表現とそれに対応する日本語表現　－－「要」「快」「就」「回」「将来」を対象に－－
  • チュウゴクゴ　ノ　ミライ　ヒョウゲン　ト　ソレ　ニ　タイオウ　スル　ニホンゴ　ヒョウゲン

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“Tense” is an important grammatical category of human language, which is presented variously indifferent languages. Future tense is expressed by other means since there’s no grammatical tense in Chinese. By exploring the usage of “Yao”, “Kuai”, “Jiu”, “Hui tou”, “Jiang lai” in Chinese, this study aims to find out the corresponding expressions in Japanese. By comparing Chinese and Japanese expression of future tense, the study reveals that despite of some similarities, there are three differential points between them. First, in Japanese, the usage of aspect can describe the near future, whereas it is incorrect in Chinese. Second, in Japanese, if one thing is just a prediction, then, a modality is needed at the end of the sentence. Third, when using the future tense, Chinese puts more emphasis on the differences shown by different kinds of future tenses in the time domain. By contrast, Japanese emphasizes the possibility that things may happen.

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