ドイツ生活改革運動の身体教育から日本の学校教育が学んだもの : 玉川学園における舞踊教育を軸として

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Around the turn from the nineteenth to the twentieth century, life philosophers such as Henri Louis Bergson（1859-1941）and Ludwig Klages（1872-1956）popularized a new concept : body as expression of soul. Rhythm as interior principle of life lay at the core of this concept, and it was believed to integrate body and soul. Tamagawa School, one of the leading progressive schools in Japan, has practiced a type of physical education derived from this concept since its foundation in 1929. Kuniyoshi Obara（1887-1977）, who founded Tamagawa School, aimed to educate the whole person and favored kinds of gymnastics and dance that promised to integrate body and soul. Niels Bukh（1880-1950）, a representative of Danish Gymnastics, Sosaku Kobayashi（1893-1963）and Baku Ishii（1886-1962）, Japanese　adherents of Emile Jaques-Dalcroze's（1865-1927）Eurythmics,were thus invited to Tamagawa School. Paradoxically,Kobayashi and Ishii adored both Jaques-Dalcroze and Rudolf Bode（1881-1958）, a fierce opponment of Jaques-Dalcroze's. The present article aims to explain how the discord between Jaques-Dalcroze's and Bode's teachings were being adapted to the Japanese school.

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