数理パズル「タングラム」の洞察的問題解決における解決可能性への主観的評価と潜在的評価

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  • スウリ パズル タングラム ノ ドウサツテキ モンダイ カイケツ ニ オケル カイケツ カノウセイ エ ノ シュカンテキ ヒョウカ ト センザイテキ ヒョウカ
  • Overt and Covert Evaluations for the Possibility of Insightful Problem Solving in the Puzzle Game of " Tangram"

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Abstract

"Tangram" is a puzzle game which is consisted of seven pieces of triangles and squares. This puzzle game is often used to educate creative and geometrical intelligence of children in teaching of mathematics. The purpose of this study is to explore insightful problem-solving of Tangram,especially about overt and covert evaluations for the possibility of successful solving of the task. When participants try to complete a figure of "lion" consisted ofthe seven pieces,they were asked to evaluate how they can complete the task at the time. This subjective evalua­tion for the possibility of the problem solving was decreased with the time course of the task. Importantly,there was no difference in the evaluation between subjects who were succeeded in the task and those who could not complete it. In the purpose of measuring covert and unconscious evaluation of the subjects,we required them in a speeded reaction time task to assess the usefulness of particular configurations of two pieces of triangle involved in the 7 pieces to complete the task. Our previous study revealed that the configuration of the two pieces gave con­ straint to lead insight to complete the task. In this covert evaluation subjects who were successfully completed the task had evaluated more useful about the configuration of the two pieces which was involved in the correct config­ uration of the task. The findings of this study indicate that the covert and overt processes are independent of each other in the problem-solving of Tangram.

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