日本初の国立重度知的障害児施設 秩父学園誕生以後の菅修の思想展開 : 1950年代後半～1960年代を中心に

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  • ニホン ハツ ノ コクリツジュウド チテキ ショウガイジ シセツ チチブ ガクエン タンジョウ イゴ ノ カンシュウ ノ シソウ テンカイ : 1950ネンダイ コウハン~1960ネンダイ オ チュウシン ニ
  • Thought Development of Osamu KAN after the Establishment of National Chichibugakuen, which is the First National Institution for Children with Mental Retardation in Japan : Case Study from the Latter Half of the 1950's to the 1960's

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National Chichibugakuen, established in 1958 (Showa 33), is the only national institution for children with mental retardation in Japan. We explored the thought of Osamu Kan, its first principal, who was a key person in its establishment. Kan, through deep involvement in the establishment of National Chichibugakuen (an institution for children with severe mental retardation), devoted himself to continuing education for developmentally disabled children and training of staff. In this paper, we organized and analyzed Kan's thoughts based on Chichibu , published by the National Chichibugakuen at the time, and other materials. Problems in raising severely developmentally disabled children at home and hardships on parents and guardians are described in a number of records. In response to the demands of the age that severely developmentally disabled children and multiple handicapped children wanted to be accepted, Chichibugakuen was born. At that time, severely developmentally disabled children were said to be unfit for training and could not enter institutions or attend school, however, Kan instructed the staff to accept all children in order of their severity from the most severe. We also interviewed staff members of Chichibugakuen at the time and gathered information reflecting Kan's thought, including episodes that are not described in the relevant literature. In the process, his warm personality, which earned him a reputation as a humanist, became clear. The basic stance of welfare for children with disabilities can be ascertained from the thoughts of Osamu Kan, who walked the path of suffering with developmentally disabled children.

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