Histomorphological and immunohistochemical studies of the adrenal gland of the jungle crow (Corvus macrorhynchos)

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  • ハシブトガラス(Corvus macrorhynchos)副腎における形態計測学的および免疫組織化学的検討

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The adrenal gland is a complex organ that regulates many physiological functions. The morphological and histological study of the avian adrenal gland have been described previously in domestic bird species, but this organ of the jungle crow (Corvus macrorhynchos) has not been examined. In this study, the adrenal gland of the jungle crow was investigated using histomorphological and immunohistochemical methods to determine its gross morphology, general histology, medullary tissue distribution, the cortico-medullary ratio, and the distribution of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) catecholamine biosynthetic enzyme. Our analyses showed that the left and right adrenal glands differed significantly in shape, location, weight, length, width and thickness. Dichromate staining showed that the adrenal parenchyma was composed of intermingled cortical (interrenal) and medullary (chromaffin) tissues, with no histological distinction between an outer cortex and inner medulla. Approximately 85% of the adrenal parenchyma was composed of cortical tissue, 14% was medullary tissue, and the remaining 1% was sinusoids. Thus, the jungle crow has an adrenal cortico-medullary ratio of approximately 6:1. Azan staining showed that the cells in the cortical tissue were columnar with comparatively small, oval and eccentric nuclei 3.4 micro m in diameter. The medullary tissue formed almost complete meshwork of spotted pattern; it seems as the scattered islets with various sizes. The medullary cells were cylindrical, with comparatively large, rounded or globular, and centrally-placed nuclei of 4.0 micro m in diameter. Immunohistoehemical staining showed that the TH enzyme was present in chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla and that almost all of the chromaffin cells were stained.

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