詩の教材開発　－「松の針」（宮沢賢治）に着目して－

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  • シ ノ キョウザイ カイハツ : 「 マツ ノ ハリ 」(ミヤザワ ケンジ)ニ チャクモク シテ
  • Development of teaching materials for poetry : With close attention to Matsu no Hari by Miyazawa Kenji

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Traditionally, the study of poetry has been categorized under "C. Reading" in the Guidelines for the Course of Study. As such, poetry has often been taught at schools by having students read poetry in textbooks analytically, that is, by appreciating the expressions and sentiments presented and deliberating on the subject matter. A drawback of this approach was that stu-dents found poetry study rather difficult, and that teachers found it hard to stimulate their classes. One of the aims of the Guidelines for the Course of Study for junior high schools is to "enrich students' imagination" ; however, the author does not believe that merely giving students poems in textbooks and having them "understand" poetry will lead to the cultivation of a fertile imagination. It was thus deemed necessary to develop teaching materials that act as a stimulus to students' powers of imagination and revitalize their thinking. Thus began the search for materials to teach poems that 1) were written by national authors whose works are frequently featured in Japanese textbooks for elementary, junior high, and senior high schools, 2) would stimulate students' imaginations and thus help them to better understand the materials in textbooks, and 3) would help them to develop their imaginative faculties throughout their elementary, junior high, and senior high school years. It was then concluded that Matsu no Hari (Pine Needles), the second piece of Kenji Miyazawa's three-part series Musei D？koku (Voiceless Lamentation), would effectively serve this purpose . In their first year of junior high school, students studied Ame ni mo Makezu (Not Defeated by the Rain) by the same author, but they tended to interpret the poem as some kind of lesson and thus were unable to come close to reaching Miyazawa's thoughts. And so an attempt was made to complement and expand what they had learned about Ame ni mo Makezu by using Matsu no Hari for poetry study for the second year of junior high school, while linking this practice with the linguistic activity of "sharing impressions," which is listed under "C. Reading" in the Guidelines for the Course of Study.

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