Association between neurotransmitters and health

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  • 神経伝達物質と健康との関係について
  • シンケイ デンタツ ブッシツ ト ケンコウ ト ノ カンケイ ニ ツイテ

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A variety of chemical substances are constantly synthesized and broken down in the human body. Among the substances synthesized in vivo, we focused our attention on neurotransmitters and their transporters in the brain and in-vestigated the influence of these molecules on rehabilitation. Compared with regular nerve fibers, the nerve fibers that synthesize and secrete neurotransmitters have many bifurca-tions, projecting widely to different regions of the brain. The cell bodies of these neurons mainly in the brainstem (midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata), and they synthesize neuro-transmitters through specific enzymatic reactions in the axon terminal and secrete them in a paracrine fashion. Neurotrans-mitters differ from hormones that are enclosed in a capsular or serosal membrane as in an endocrine gland, and are subse-quently transported via the blood stream to a target organ. Neurotransmitters exert their excitatory or inhibitory effect on a wide range of neurons through interaction with a functional receptor on the postsynaptic membrane. Such processes greatly involve a specific transporter. To benefit from neurotransmit-ters and related molecules in rehabilitation, it is important to provide appropriate nutritional sources for neurotransmitter biosynthesis, improve lifestyle to promote the function of transporters, and enhance mind-body effects through enjoyable activi-ties, such as communicating with congenial friends.

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