ウミボタルCypridina hilgendorfii G.W. MUELLERの生態に關する2.3の實驗

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タイトル別名
  • ウミボタル Cypridina hilgendorfii G.W.Mueller ノ セイタイ ニ カンスル 2 , 3 ノ ジッケン
  • Some ecological experiments on "umi-botaru" (Cypridina hilgendorfii G.W. MUELLER)
  • ウミボタルCypridina hilgendorfii G.W.Muellerの生態に関する2,3の実験

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The author made some experiments and observations concerning the ecology of "umihotaru". (1) Collecting apparatus. Using the plankton net of 20cm in diameter, the animals were collected in abundance. (2) Bait for collecting. Fish-wastes were used, hanging within the net opening. (3) Rate of luminescence of dried animals. 80-100% of the animals rapidly dried in the direct sunshine had luminous ability. The color was silvery white. (4) Rearing bait. Animals can be reared by giving some living fresh-water shrimps as a bait. (5) Variation of vertical occurrenc in the night. (a) In bottom layer there are 2 modes in the frequency curve (Fig. 1), i.e., 2-3 hours after sunset and before sunrise. (b) In intermediate layer (about 1.5m below the surface it appears to be reverse to (a), but indistinct. (c) In surface layer (about 20cm below the surface) it appears to be equal to (a), but the number is very small. (6) Lower limit of optimum salinity. Critical specific gravity of medium appears to be 11.00-12.00. (7) Reaction to light. Animals show negative phototaxis, while a closely allied species, i.e., C. noctiluca positive. (8) Chemical characters of luminous substance. (a) Substance which lost luminescent ability by oxidation, can be recovered by reducing by metalic magnesium. (b) Luminescence is very remarkable in the waters of pH above 7, decreases rapidly below 7 and no more below 4.

長崎大学水産学部研究報告, v.1, pp.10-13; 1953

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