正常児と精神薄弱児の3選択弁別移行学習における誤り要因分析

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  • Analysis of Error Factors in the Three-Alternative Discrimination Learning of Normal and Mentally Retarded Children

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We applied our model of error factors to analyze of processes of the inter-dimensional or intra-dimensional shift learning of the three-alternative discrimination learning in normal and mentally retarded children and to clarify differences in response patterns among three reinforcement combinations, RW, RN, and NW (Matsuda & Matsuda, 1974). The results were as follows: 1. The greatest source of inhibiting the shift learning was the Preference of the correct color and/or the Dislike of the incorrect color in the original learning. The Preference and/or the Dislike was stronger in mentally retarded than in normal children, in the inter-dimensional than in intra-dimensional shift learning, and in RN than in RW and in RW than in NW. It seems that the R in the shift learning had the function of the partial reinforcement for the correct value in the original learning, that in the shift learning W was the most important to inhibit the correct value in the original learning, and that it is more difficult for mentally retarded children to inhibit it because of their perseverative tendency. 2. As well as in the original learning, Alternation with respect to position inhibited fairly the shift learning. 3. In the inter-dimensional learning, Win-stay-lose-shift with respect to position was considerably strong. 4. In RN, stereotypical responses were often observed.

source:Bulletin of the Faculty of Education, Chiba University. Part I

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