新抗生物質phycomycinとquinquamycinの単離と各種抗カビ,酵母に対する試験管内作用

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タイトル別名
  • シン コウセイブツシツ Phycomycin ト quinquamycin ノ タンリ ト カクシュ コウカビ , コウボ ニ タイスル シケン カンナイ サヨウ
  • Studies on Two New Antibiotics Phycomycin and Quinquamycin
  • 原著
  • Original Article

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1. Two antibiotics, phycomycin and quinquamycin, were obtained from the fungal bodies of streptomyces Nos. C-44, C-55 and No. E-20. 2. The sources of phycomycin, Nos. C-44 and C-55, were quite similar to each other from the mycological points of view, and were assumed to belong to the same species. However, nutritional requirements for the production of the antibiotic were somewhat different. The source of quinquamycin, No. E-20, proved to belong to S. lavendulae though its minor characteristics did not coincide with that of S. lavendulae. 3. Phycomycin was obtained as colorless, plate-form crystals. Some of its physicochemical and biological natures were found to be similar to those of oligomycin. However, recent experiments suggested that both of these antibiotics have more than one component, and phycomycin lacked one of the components present in oligomycin. 4. Although quinquamycin has not been obtained in pure form, it must be included among the pentaene antibiotics on the basis of ultraviolet absorption spectrum, but from the results obtained by paper chromatography, it was clearly differentiated from such known antibiotics as fungichromin, eurocidin, pentamycin and filipin. It is also likely that phycomycin is differnt from eliomycin because the ultraviolet absorption spectra of both antibiotics are completely different. 5. These two antibiotics exhibited no activity against both gram positive and negative bacteria. The antimicrobial activity of phycomycin was characteristic in that it had strong activity against filamenteous fungi especially against those belonging to the Phycomycetes, but did not show any activity against yeast or yeast-like organisms. It was also highly active against some trichophyton species. Out of 24 plant pathogens tested, Alternaria, Corticium, Glomerella, Helmenthosporium and Mycrosporium were inhibited low concentrations of phycomycin. Quinquamycin was active against both filamenteous and yeast-like fungi.

It also showed considerable activity against some of the aforementioned plant pathogens.

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