Solvation dynamics in electronically polarizable solvents: Theoretical treatment using solvent-polarizable three-dimensional reference interaction-site model theory combined with time-dependent density functional theory

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The theory of solvation structure in an electronically polarizable solvent recently proposed by us, referred to as the “solvent-polarizable three-dimensional reference interaction-site model theory,” is extended to dynamics in this study through the combination with time-dependent density functional theory. Test calculations are performed on model charge-transfer systems in water, and the effects of electronic polarizability on solvation dynamics are examined. The electronic polarizability slightly retards the solvation dynamics. This is ascribed to the decrease in the curvature of the nonequilibrium free energy profile along the solvation coordinate. The solvent relaxation is bimodal, and the faster and the slower modes are assigned to the reorientational and the translational modes, respectively, as was already reported by the surrogate theory combined with the site–site Smoluchowski–Vlasov equation. The relaxation path along the solvation coordinate is a little higher than the minimum free energy path because the translational mode is fixed in the time scale of the reorientational relaxation.

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