本研究は，尼崎市を事例に工業地域社会の内部構造，他の単一・複合工業地域との比較より，総合工業地域における内部構造と発達過程，発達メカニズムを究明した．尼崎市の工業地域社会は，単一工業地域の段階においては一極型，多極型圏構造の工業地域社会，複合工業地域においては金属加工中心の二核心・多極型圏構造の工業都市，総合工業地域の段階にあっては鉄鋼業を中心に多核心・多極型圏構造の工業都市，鉄鋼業が衰退すると機械工業を中心とする多核心・多極型の工業都市に変化し，現在は，大阪大都市圏の機能の一部としての(総合)工業地域とベッドタウンの役割を担っている．他の事例との比較から，総合工業地域の発達過程は，単一工業地域の段階にあっては一極型，多極型，一核心型圏構造，複合工業地域にあっては一核心・多極型，二核心・多極型圏構造，総合工業地域にあっては多核心・多極型圏構造を形成する．総合工業地域への発達メカニズムは，企業の生産機能拡大にともなって，商業・サービス機能と居住機能が関連地域社会と重なって移転・拡大し，やがて事務所を中心に3機能が同心円状に分化する．後発企業は先発企業の制約を受けて点線状・飛地状に展開する．市街地化が進むと，先発・後発のいずれも諸制約から一層飛地状に展開する．総合工業地域は河川流域・臨海部・内陸部という多様な立地形態，多核心・多極型という多種の圏構造，都市的諸要素などが重なって，一層複雑にかつ広域化している．都市型工業地域社会の商業・サービス機能と居住機能は，都市の諸機能を活用して発展する．そのため，地方型に比べて小規模となる．

The author has studies the formation process of internal structure of both single and complex manufacturing communities in Japan. The present study, however, attempts to clarify how the internal structure of manufacturing community has been formed in the comprehensive Amagasaki manufacturing area. The Amagasaki case is compared with Hitachi in Kanto, a single manufacturing area, and also with Yawata, a complex manufacturing area in Kyushu, in order to conceptualize the formation process of the internal structure of Japan's manufacturing communities. 1) In reviewing the author's previous studies, it is to be said that the factories in the Amagasaki comprehensive manufacturing area have seen the process from those with head offices to associate head offices, main operative branches and finally to those with general branches. 2) The Amagasaki manufacturing community developed from a unipolar to a multipolar zonal structure during the stage of single manufacturing area. During the stage of complex manufacturing area, the structure developed to two-cores and multipolar zonal. During the stage of comprehensive manufacturing area, a multicore-multipolar structure was created largely represented by steel industry. As the steel industry in Amagasaki declined, machinery industry took over the position of steel industry as the main factor of the overall internal structure formation. Although the overall internal structure has not changed much, the Amagasaki manufacturing area is now characterized by the addition of residential function as a satellite city to Osaka. This process is modeled and shown in Figure 8. 3) Figure 9 shows the process of manufacturing area formation in Japan by synthesizing the models for Amagasaki, Hitachi and Yawata. During the stage of single manufacturing area (～1899), the internal structure developed from unipolar to multipolar, and then to one-core zonal. During the following stage of complex manufacturing area (1900～), transition from one-core and multipolar to two-core and multipolar zonal was seen in the formation process. During the more recent and present stage of comprehensive manufacturing area (1930～present), multicore and multipolar zonal has been the norm for internal structure, although it now sees a declining trend as a manufacturing community. 4) The spatial pattern of the internal structure of comprehensive manufacturing areas of Japan can be summarized as follows: a) As production function increases, commercial-service functions spread outward overlapping the spreading of residential function. This is characteristic to both single and complex manufacturing areas. b) Factories started earlier form concentric zones often taking the lobe shape. Those started later form a sporadically distributed pattern. This pattern is taken by both factories or enterprises started earlier and later irrespectively. This is common to both single and complex manufacturing areas. c) In the case of comprehensive manufacturing areas, location of factories or enterprises is variegated and such conditions as riverside, sea-coast, and inland are selected. A variety of both multicore and multipolar structures of manufacturing communities become more complicated by encroaching urbanization. d) Residential urbanization has been much proceeded by the government policy to encourage private home ownership in manufacturing areas, the Amagasaki case in the Osaka metropolitan region being typical.

論説