1000 spider silkomes: Linking sequences to silk physical properties

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  • Arakawa, Kazuharu
    Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University; Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University; Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University; Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences
  • Kono, Nobuaki
    Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University; Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University
  • Malay, Ali D.
    Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
  • Tateishi, Ayaka
    Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science; Department of Material Chemistry, Kyoto University
  • Ifuku, Nao
    Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
  • Masunaga, Hiroyasu
    Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute
  • Sato, Ryota
    Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science; Spiber Inc.
  • Tsuchiya, Kousuke
    Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science; Department of Material Chemistry, Kyoto University
  • Ohtoshi, Rintaro
    Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science; Spiber Inc.
  • Pedrazzoli, Daniel
    Spiber Inc.
  • Shinohara, Asaka
    Spiber Inc.
  • Ito, Yusuke
    Spiber Inc.
  • Nakamura, Hiroyuki
    Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science; Spiber Inc.
  • Tanikawa, Akio
    Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo
  • Suzuki, Yuya
    Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba; The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University
  • Ichikawa, Takeaki
    Kokugakuin Kugayama High School
  • Fujita, Shohei
    Graduate School of Agriculture, Saga University
  • Fujiwara, Masayuki
    Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University
  • Tomita, Masaru
    Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University; Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University; Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University
  • Blamires, Sean J.
    Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales; Present address: NMR Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales
  • Chuah, Jo-Ann
    Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
  • Craig, Hamish
    Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science; Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales
  • Foong, Choon P.
    Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science; Department of Material Chemistry, Kyoto University
  • Greco, Gabriele
    Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento
  • Guan, Juan
    Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University
  • Holland, Chris
    Natural Materials Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Sheffield
  • Kaplan, David L.
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University
  • Sudesh, Kumar
    School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia
  • Mandal, Biman B.
    Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG); Center for Nanotechnology, IITG; School of Health Sciences and Technology, IITG
  • Norma-Rashid, Y.
    Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya
  • Oktaviani, Nur A.
    Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
  • Preda, Rucsanda C.
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University
  • Pugno, Nicola M.
    Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento; School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London
  • Rajkhowa, Rangam
    Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University
  • Wang, Xiaoqin
    College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University
  • Yazawa, Kenjiro
    Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
  • Zheng, Zhaozhu
    College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University
  • Numata, Keiji
    Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science; Department of Material Chemistry, Kyoto University

Description

Spider silks are among the toughest known materials and thus provide models for renewable, biodegradable, and sustainable biopolymers. However, the entirety of their diversity still remains elusive, and silks that exceed the performance limits of industrial fibers are constantly being found. We obtained transcriptome assemblies from 1098 species of spiders to comprehensively catalog silk gene sequences and measured the mechanical, thermal, structural, and hydration properties of the dragline silks of 446 species. The combination of these silk protein genotype-phenotype data revealed essential contributions of multicomponent structures with major ampullate spidroin 1 to 3 paralogs in high-performance dragline silks and numerous amino acid motifs contributing to each of the measured properties. We hope that our global sampling, comprehensive testing, integrated analysis, and open data will provide a solid starting point for future biomaterial designs.

Journal

  • Science Advances

    Science Advances 8 (41), 2022-10

    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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