仮設トイレの温熱環境実態及びシミュレーションによる検討

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  • カセツ トイレ ノ オンネツ カンキョウ ジッタイ オヨビ シミュレーション ニヨル ケントウ
  • Measurement and Simulation of Thermal Environment in Temporary Toilets During Disasters

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In Japan, disasters such as earthquakes and floods occur frequently. When existing toilets become unusable at evacuation centers, portable toilets, and temporary toilets are used. Initially, this study conducted thermal environment measurements at temporary toilets. The measurements found that the toilet temperature exceeds 40℃ in summer, and the surface temperature of the walls inside and outside the toilet exceeds 50℃. In winter, the toilet temperature rises to nearly 30℃ on sunny days when the outside temperature is high. Still, the temperature decreases to the same level as the outside temperature at night. Secondly, to improve the thermal environment of the toilet, the toilet temperature of each of the materials (polyethylene, polypropylene) was calculated by simulation, but there was no difference in temperature. Further,as calculated by different regions (Sapporo, Tokyo, Naha), toilet temperature is about 5.0℃ higher than the outside air in all regions during the summer. It continues to be about 2.0℃ higher at night. In winter, toilet temperature in Sapporo stays below 0℃ even during the day. As a result, the thermal environment of temporary toilets has some problems, and it is necessary to consider providing solar radiation, and using heat insulations.

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