Disaster Recovery Landscape's Concepts and Approaches : How the process of disaster recovery policy-making was designed to maximize social capital

We are facing an expansive complex of natural disaster crises. Managing these crises and protecting the livelihoods of local communities, it is necessary to ensure an environment in which all actors in all sectors work together to create a process to design a 'Build back better' after the disaster. The 'Resilient Society' is a program aimed at creating such an environment, which was launched at the Hokkaido University's Graduate School of Public Policy in 2022-2023. It was designed using the legal framework and institutions of disaster management policy provided in Comparative Disaster Management Strategy and feedback data from fieldwork, interviews and workshops. Embedded in this program is the idea of 'Build back better', agreed at the 2015 UN Conference on Disaster Reduction and addressed by all sectors worldwide, and set out in the Sendai framework, which aims to be realized in local communities. Therefore, in the first phase of the project design work, the logic model formulation was initiated, and the final 'impact' was defined in the seven priorities of the Sendai Framework. In the second phase, the 'inputs' and 'activities' of the five projects and the 'outputs' of each project to the region were defined. In the third phase, the medium-term outcomes for realizing impact were derived, namely the 'implementation of the four actions of the Sendai Framework in the region' and the resulting concept of 'Build back better'. Finally, short-term outcomes were defined so that the 'input' to 'impact' is consistent. The image of 'Build back better' for the Kita-shiribeshi region found through the logic model formulation is, firstly, that local people are aware of the code of conduct in the event of a disaster and can evacuate safely; secondly, that the municipality and people prepare an Advance Recovery Town Development Plan and an Urban Plan B and share them; and thirdly, that community development that fosters social capital which can be activated in the event of a disaster is carried out from the ordinary time. In the forthcoming years, the logic model will be embodied by the realization through the individual project of the Disaster recovery landscape.