Relationship between attitudes toward fortune-telling and spell-casting and styles of information processing and regulatory focus

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  • 占いやおまじないに対する態度と情報処理や制御焦点のスタイルとの関連性
  • ウラナイ ヤ オマジナイ ニ タイスル タイド ト ジョウホウ ショリ ヤ セイギョ ショウテン ノ スタイル ト ノ カンレンセイ

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Abstract

Attitudes toward fortune-telling and the use of spells have been studied as a kind of paranormal beliefs or empirically suspect beliefs. In this study, we first developed a scale　that can capture the multidimensional aspects of attitudes toward fortune-telling and spellcasting,and examined its validity (Studies 1-3). Using the attitudes toward fortune-telling　and spell-casting scale, we examined the relationship between beliefs about being interested　in fortune-telling and spell-casting, believing in their effects, and incorporating them into　one's life and doubts about them, and an individual's information processing and regulatory　focus styles (Study 4). The results showed that the attitudes toward fortune-telling and　spell-casting scale consisted of five subscales: "experience of and belief in the effects of　fortune-telling and spell-casting", "application of fortune-telling and spell-casting", "interest　in and concern for fortune-telling and spell-casting", "belief in folk religious rituals", and　"skepticism toward fortune-telling and spell-casting adherents". Furthermore, it was also　found that the styles of information processing and regulatory focus were affected differently　by various aspects of attitudes toward fortune-telling and spell-casting. With regard to　information processing style, for example, the inhibitory effect of rationality was not found　in interest in fortune-telling and spell-casting or belief in their effects but was found in their　application in daily life. As for regulatory focus, the effects of both promotion and prevention　focus were found in interest in fortune-telling and spell-casting and belief in their effects,which were interpreted as being motivated by the pursuit of positive outcomes and avoidance　of negative outcomes in the future, but not in their application, which were only influenced by　prevention focus.

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