Language as a Medium of Experience: Early Benjamin's "Program of the Coming Philosophy" as a Response to "Poverty of Experience"

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  • 経験の媒質としての言語 --初期ベンヤミンにおける「経験の貧困」問題と「来るべき哲学」の構想--
  • ケイケン ノ バイシツ ト シテ ノ ゲンゴ : ショキ ベンヤミン ニ オケル 「 ケイケン ノ ヒンコン 」 モンダイ ト 「 クル ベキ テツガク 」 ノ コウソウ

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Abstract

Contemporary societies are conditioned and challenged by "poverty of experience, " which characterizes human alienation and excessively institutionalized education. To investigate and gain insights to overcome this challenge, originally recognized by Walter Benjamin, this paper examines the ways in which he experienced and responded to this challenge in the early years of his career. By interpreting his early works on youth movement and his critique of Kantian Philosophy, this paper investigates the ways in which this issue draws Benjamin's attention. In his treatises on Kant, Benjamin suggested that Kantian philosophy is conditioned by the "Enlightenment poor experience, " and seeks a way to enrich such experience in the radicalization of Kantian philosophy. In this radicalized epistemology, our knowledge of experience has its place in the medium of language, rather than in the (Kantian) subject of knowing, and it is in this medium that our access to the richer knowledge and experience becomes possible. By revealing his idea of "medium, " this paper shows the significance of his "program of the coming philosophy" as a response to the "poverty of experience" and its educational implications.

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