都道府県別に見た世帯所得の分布と平均寿命の変化 : 地域の所得格差は健康を損なうか

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タイトル別名
  • トドウフケン ベツ ニ ミタ セタイ ショトク ノ ブンプ ト ヘイキン ジュミョウ ノ ヘンカ : チイキ ノ ショトク カクサ ワ ケンコウ オ ソコナウ カ
  • Distribution in household income for each prefecture and change of life expectancy at birth : Is regional inequality of income harmful to your health?
  • トドウフケン ベツ ニ ミタ セタイ ショトク ノ ブンプ ト ヘイキン ジュミョウ ノ ヘンカ : チイキ ノ ショトク カクサ ハ ケンコウ オ ソコナウ カ

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説明

There is concern being voiced in Japan about the growing inequality of income distribution in the past two decades. This study aimed to elucidate trends in socioeconomic and health inequalities. Some of large variations in income distribution can be explained by changes in the economy and the demography: the deepening of the recent recession, the rapidly aging population and the decline of average family size. From the view point of regional sciences as geography, it is important to distinguish the inter-regional inequality and the intra-regional inequality. On the other hand in social epidemiology, a large number of studies have demonstrated health inequalities attributable to socioeconomic conditions including income. Is the degree of income inequalities in society closely linked to the health of the population? Association of life expectancy at birth (LEB) with adjusting household incomes by equivalence scales was examined using data on prefectures in Japan of 1995 to 2005 via Pearson's correlation and OLS regression. Although inter-regional inequality of median income level decreased, intra-regional inequality measured by inter-quartile range increased from 1993 to 2003. There is a gender difference in correlation coefficient between health indicators and income inequalities. In case of male positive correlations were found between LEB and inter-regional inequality (absolute income hypothesis), and negative correlation between LEB and intra-regional inequality (relative income hypothesis). The both association increased from 1995 to 2005. Careful monitoring of socioeconomic and health inequalities should be encouraged.

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