Political Panorama of the Spanish America Emancipation

With Spain's conquest of what is now Spanish America, the Spanish tried to Hispanicize all those new territories. So the Spanish language, the Catholic religion, and Spanish laws were imposed by force on the people. When the time came to legislate nationality matters, a law of Spain was applied in part, and as a result many persons who were born in Spanish America had Spanish nationality based on their ancestry and the laws in force for those born in the Iberic peninsula. So many people who were born and lived all their lives in the American colonies, considered themselves Spanish citizens, felt in body and soul that they were Spanish, and not for example Peruvian or Chilean citizens although they did not have the same rights as those who were born in Spain. Let us take a look into this matter that had aroused much anxiety. In the beginning of the nineteenth century when the emancipation movement was ready to fight against the Spanish most of the American Spanish and criolios and mestizos fought against the revolutionaries, killing hundreds and thousands of people who wanted three things: Liberty, Liberty, and Liberty. Of course, Rousseau, Voltaire, Montesquieu, Buffon and Condillac are shown here as the precursors of the emancipation movement. On the other hand, this is a researh of the Spanish laws that were applied in America. In addition to what has been said, previously, in this paper we examine one of the most curious facts that came about at that time. The case of one of the most perfidious and betrayer families born in Peru who, to obtain fame and money, fought ignominiously alligned with the Spanish, prolonging the process of the Spanish America Emancipation. This is also a history of the Goyeneche y Barreda family who were born in Arequipa in the south part of Peru, the center of the Spanish power in America.

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