古材の研究〔英文〕

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タイトル別名
  • STUDIES OF JAPANESE OLD TIMBERS
  • コ ザイ ノ ケンキュウ エイブン
  • 古材の研究

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This paper presents a survey of our studies on the permanence of wood, which have elucidated the outline of changes in the physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of those timbers for building which have stood the test of time for many centuries. Emphasis is placed on the resemblance between the processes at a room temperature and those of a high temperature of about 100℃, and on the difference between two kinds of wood, Hinoki, a soft wood, and Keyaki, a hard wood. The obtained conclusions and suggestions are as follows : 1) The cellulosic materials in the timber show a variation with time not only in their quantity but also in their quality. Their content decreases in these two kinds of wood, and their chemical inertness, observed in their crystalline-region content and in their viscosity, increases markedly at the beginning of the ageing and the heating of Hinoki. 2) These variations may be the main factors of the changes in the properties of timbers in consideration, such as shrinkage, hygroscopicity, strength properties, and content of the soluble constituents. The estimated rate of decrease in the cellulosic materials and the rates of other changes offer a parallel case through a variety of conditions, and the increase in their inertness accompanies with increase in some kinds of mechanical strength. 3) The content of the cellulosic materials in Keyaki decreases faster than that of Hinoki, and the initially superior strength of the former drops down below that of the latter within several centuries. This difference in the permanence between the timber of Hinoki and that of Keyaki is expected to represent the general difference between soft woods and hard woods.

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