カリブ海域のクレオール言語

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Other Title
  • カリブ カイイキ ノ クレオール ゲンゴ
  • Creole Languages of the Caribbean

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Common languages are essential for communicating with family, friends and one's own community, and make relationships strong. However in the past, there were very unique situations when people could not understand what they said to each other. The European countries spread their colonies from the 16th century to the 17th century to get power around the world. As a result, many languages including European and African languages were gathered in the Caribbean area. In the colonial period, slaves needed to have a language to know what the owner said to them, and then they used simple words their owner use. It is the pidgin language that people produced at that time. After that, the pidgin language became more complicated, and it changed to creole language.

I picked three European countries, Spain, France and the U.K., and examined Haitian and Jamaican creole in this paper. These two languages are influenced from European countries. Except for Haitian Jamaican creole, most of creole languages in the Caribbean are disappearing now. There are many reasons for this. I paid attention about the histories and policies in each country, and then I considered about linguistic features of the creole language, the situation of the user and the language awareness. From this research, I discovered the difference of actions the European countries tried in the Caribbean area. Because of the differences, the Caribbean creole languages were created in a similar environment, but they are located at different positions in each country. I am going to explain about the reason why this has happened, and suggest how the creole languages should be for surviving in the future.

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