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論文(Article)

This paper studied the relation between “six principles of drawing” and reality. There has been argument of drawing in Chinese pictures for a long time. They are six principles of drawing. I take up the history of six principles of drawing in Chapter 2. Six principles of drawing are as follows. 1Qiyuu shengdong 気韻生動, 2Technique of an outline and a brush, 3About a form, 4About a color, 5About composition, 6The copy of a masterpiece. Famous critics about this are Xie He 謝赫, Zhang Yanyuan 張彦遠, Guo Ruoxu 郭若虚, and Dong Qichang董基昌, etc. Chinese pictures had many drawings in India ink. The drawing in India ink developed into the tendency to lose form and color. Brush technique and qiyuu shengdong acquired the immovable status. Critics announced various views of six principles of drawing. In Japan, this argument entered in the Edo period. The painter of Japan of those days learned pictures from the argument. However, There was an idea of scorning the likeness of a form, and the form in drawing was ambiguous. However, the view referred to as drawing truth in it happened. Chapter3 has described that the likeness of a form differs from drawing truth. The painters who practiced it are Jakutyu Itou, Oukyo Maruyama, and Koukann Shiba, etc. The soul of six principles of drawing is wonderful. I thought that Kazan Watanabe would unite the soul of Oriental pictures, and the idea of Western pictures. He tried to take in both the idea of six principles and the true way of drawing. In Chapter 4, I have taken up about Kazan Watanabe. Chapter the conclusion has described that reality also fulfills the idea of six principles.

Pictures not only draw the likeness of a form, but aim at something in the true. The word “drawing truth“, “sketch”, and “reality” is used in the same meaning today. “drawing truth ”became a “photograph” and it replaced the word “reality“. I think that “drawing truth” is unsolvable only in the sense of the language of Western pictures. In six principles of drawing, the contents of “drawing truth” are better than “the likeness of a form”. It leads to the soul of drawing. Qiyuu shengdong have a view beyond the likeness of the form, and It still remains as an important idea by Oriental pictures. In Western pictures, the impressionniste separated from the likeness of the form soon. I think reality have high target point. It is not the likeness of the form. It is like the qiyuu shengdong in Oriental pictures.