指圧を看護ケアに取り入れた事例の文献検討

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  • シアツ オ カンゴ ケア ニ トリイレタ ジレイ ノ ブンケン ケントウ
  • Analysis of cases applying shiatsu massage for nursing care

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東洋医学の１つの手法である指圧を看護ケアに取り入れた論文の検討を行ない，その効果と問題点を明らかにすることを目的に，『医学中央雑誌』（WEB版ver．３）を使用して１９９３年から２００３年まで１０年間に，看護師による指圧の影響が明らかにできた論文を抽出した．その結果１０論文が得られた．１０論文の内訳は排便障害（便秘）の軽減および排ガスの促進５件，癌化学療法実施時の副作用（嘔気・嘔吐等）の軽減３件，癌性疼痛の軽減１件，リンパ節郭清後に発生した浮腫の軽減１件であった．それぞれの論文に共通して言えることは，患者が指圧について肯定的に捉える場合は，その効果が非常に大きいことであった．さらに指圧の圧迫部位，圧迫の強さ，頻度など，まだ一定の手技と効果が得られていないため，追試験を重ねる必要性が示唆された．

Shiatsu massage is one of the common therapeutic methods in oriental medicine, and is considered to be useful for supporting conventional medicine. However, there has been little evidence for its effects. In this report, papers dealing with the application of shiatsu massage to nursing care are extracted from literature, in order to clarify the effects and problems of this method as a nursing care. Papers containing studies of shiatsu massage by nurses as a nursing care were extracted from literature by using the Japan Centra Revuo Medicina (WEB issue, version 3), and those published during 10 years from 1993 to 2003 were analyzed. It was found that the relaxation effects by shiatsu massage were reported for various symptoms. Among these, 10 papers were analyzed in detail, which described the effects on relief of the following symptoms ; dysphasia (constipation) (5 papers), nausea and vomiting at cancer chemotherapy (3 papers), pain from cancer (1 paper), and edema generated after lymphadenectomy (1 paper). It was found from these papers that shiatsu massage is effective for patients who have positive thinking to this therapy. On the other hand, the necessity of further experiments was indicated because of the lack of common methods and effects in this therapy ; for example, position, force, frequency, etc., should be optimized.

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