The effect of the Dohsa method on reminiscence in the elderly: The relationship between 'recall' of the past and 'experiencing' nostalgic affect

IR

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  • 高齢者の回想に及ぼす動作法の効果 : 過去の「想起様式」と懐かしさの「体験型」との関係
  • コウレイシャ ノ カイソウ ニ オヨボス ドウサホウ ノ コウカ カコ ノ ソウキ ヨウシキ ト ナツカシサ ノ タイケンガタ トノ カンケイ

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This study examined the effect of the Dohsa method on reminiscing of memories concerning 'me,' 'father,' and 'mother' in the elderly. Participants were 7 males and 24 females with a mean age of 72.4 yrs. Subjects were administered the Experiencing of Nostalgic Affect Scale (NAES) before and after being subjected to the Dohsa method (i.e. pre-test and post-test). They also answered the Japanese Reminiscence Functions Scale for the Elderly (JRFSE) and a Subjective Health Scale after being subjected to the Dohsa method. The KJ technique was used to classify participants' recall into five patterns: 'natural recall,' 'positive self-image and positive recall,' 'relaxed and straightforward recall,' 'pleasing psysical experience and positive recall,' and 'recall with modified cognition.' Cluster analysis using ratios of pre-test and posttest scores on the NAES revealed three types of nostalgic experience: 'mixed,' 'polarized,' and 'harmonized.' More than half of participants with 'mixed' and 'harmonised' experiences had 'recall with modified cognition.' They had higher scores on the 'positive' and 'negative' subscales of the JRFSE than did respondents with 'polarized' experiences. They lad lower scores on the SHS than did respondents with 'polarized' experirnces, indicating better subjective health.

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