Estimation of Solar Radiation on a Tilted Surface with any Inclination and Direction Angle*

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  • Estimation of Solar Radiation on a Tilt

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To predict the average total energy of solar radiation on a plate-type solar collector, the author’s procedure is explained which yields the monthly average solar radiation incident upon any tilted surface with various angles of inclination and direction. According to this method, the calculation from our measurements of the horizontal total and the normal direct solar radiations, the estimation from the sunshine hours obtained by Yoshidas’ equation and the estimation using Berlage’s equation were compared with each other, and with direct measurements of the solar radiation on a tilted suaface with a fixed inclination angle of 60°from horizontal at Kitami. Reasonably good agreement among them was generally obtained. In terms of the inclination factor, therefore, the solar radiation on a tilted surface with various angles of inclination and direction at Kitami was estimated from the sunshine hours and the insolation map. The results of this estimation were then compared with those accurately calculated from our measurements of the horizontal total and normal direct solar radiations, and the direct measurements from the 60°tilted surface. Moreover, the solar radiation on a tilted surface at Sapporo, Sendai and Tokyo was estimated by means of this procedure using the sunshine hours and insolation map as a parameter of angles of inclination and direction.

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