中国社会主義論戦時期における張東蓀の言論とその反響

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  • The Views of Zhang Dongsun in the Chinese Debate Over Socialism and the Intellectual Community's Response to Them
  • チュウゴク シャカイ シュギ ロンセン ジキ ニ オケル チョウヒガシソン ノ ゲンロン ト ソノ ハンキョウ

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抄録

Zhang Dongsun 張東蓀 (1887-1973), who is known for his great contributions to the formation and development of philosophy in 20th century China, was not only a university professor who dedicated his life to pedagogy, but also was very active in expressing his intellectual views through his connections to various newspapers and magazines. However, given his accomplishments, the research on his life and ideas has not been sufficiently forthcoming, probably due to the criticism leveled at him by the establishment of the Peoples Republic of China. The present article focuses on the time in Zhang’s life around 1920 when he published a large amount of articles concerning the question of socialism in China, while managing editor of the daily newspaper Shishi xinbao 時事新報 and founding the journal Jiefang yu gaizao 解放与改造 with the support of Liang Qichao 梁啓超, a politician-journalist-historian of the late Qing period. It was a very productive time for Zhang’s development into a full-fledged opinion writer and is thus crucial in any attempt to interpret his ideas. Zhang took the position that the realization of socialism in China would only be possible after the realization of a capitalist stage and argued that the type of socialism China should be aiming at was not the Soviet brand of Bolshevism, but rather a form of guild socialism. Zhang was fearful of what he called the extreme uniformity and despotic character of Bolshevism. Here the author points to criticism leveled at Zhang’s views by fellow supporters of guild socialism, like political scientist Gao Yihan 高一涵 for threatening to invite suspicion and distrust. This criticism demonstrates that the debate raging at the time was not only about differences that existed in how to understand socialism, but also about its arising from feelings of suspicion and distrust on the part of the participants. Consequently, it was this characterization of Zhang’s participation in the debate that would ultimately prevent a closer, more thorough investigation of his ideas and their dissemination throughout a much wider audience.

収録刊行物

  • 東洋学報

    東洋学報 93 (2), 173-203, 2011-09

    東洋文庫

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