Living Style Conditions of Elderly Individuals Living Alone with Long Term Care

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  • 独居高齢者のADL・IADLに関する研究

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Background: In Japan, the number of elderly individuals living alone is continuing to increase as society ages. Although studies have considered quality of life, life expectancy, and gender differences in elderly individuals living alone, only a few have considered the health and lifestyle of elderly individuals who live alone during the working hours of their family-members. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the factors that affect the lifestyle of elderly individuals living alone during the daytime to understand this group and how best to do them rehabilitation. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study by face-to-face interviews. Study participants were divided into two groups based on time of living alone (i.e., an all time alone group and a daytime alone group), and statistically significant differences in characteristics, ADLs, and IADLs were examined. Results: We include 29 individuals. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in some characteristics (e.g., age, certification of needed long-term care or support), ADLs (e.g., motor tasks, grooming, bathing, upper body dressing, under body dressing, toileting, bed to chair transfer, toilet transfer, shower transfer, locomotion, stairs), and IADLs (e.g., household affairs, preparing meals, washing up, washing clothes, light housework). Discussion: It was also noted that engaging in household affairs was significantly different between the groups. Therefore, we conclude that understanding the elderly individuals who live alone during daytime and the factors that affect their role in household are important when rehabilitated.

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