Transformation of the Folk Religion and the Funeral System during the Period of Nation-State Formation : A Case Study of Yoron Island, Kagoshima Prefecture

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  • 国民国家形成期における民俗信仰と葬制の変容 : 鹿児島県与論島の事例から
  • コクミン コッカ ケイセイキ ニ オケル ミンゾク シンコウ ト ソウセイ ノ ヘンヨウ : カゴシマケンヨロントウ ノ ジレイ カラ

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This paper aims to clarify how the folk religion in the peripheral region changed in the period of Nationstate formation from the case study of Yoron Island in Kagoshima prefecture. Focusing on the interaction between the national religious policy and the response of the local community, I examined the process of the civilization. I reviewed the religious culture of Yoron Island until the Meiji-era from three points; Noro and Yuta (local religious people), funeral, and religious facilities. Also, during aforementioned Meiji-era, the national religious reformation such as Shinbutsu-bunri (separation of Shintoism and Buddhism) and Haibutsu-kishaku (a movement to abolish Buddhism), and the introduction of public health had been transformed into the modern local religious cultures. However, the folk religions such as Sinigu ritual had been abolished once were revived in crisis situations such as typhoons, droughts and famine. Though Shinto methods had been newly introduced for the funeral, however they, formally and partially, changed local traditional practices. In conclusion, the everyday religious practice of the local people, which was unconsciously overlooked by the authorities, provided the space to save the traditional folk religion as well as to create new ones between the external- and the local-logic.

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