The Present situations and problems of the village communities in Amami Oshima and the Yaeyama islands : the questionnaire survey of the chiefs of the village communities

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Other Title
  • 奄美大島と八重山諸島における集落等の現状と課題 : 集落・町内会・自治会代表者へのアンケート調査から
  • アマミ オオシマ ト ヤエヤマ ショトウ ニ オケル シュウラク トウ ノ ゲンジョウ ト カダイ : シュウラク ・ チョウナイカイ ・ ジチカイ ダイヒョウシャ エ ノ アンケート チョウサ カラ

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本研究の目的は、琉球弧の島喚集落の現状と課題を明らかにすることであった。奄美大島と八重山諸島の集落・町内会・自治会の代表者を調査対象にした郵送調査を実施し、177人から回答を得た(回収率61.9%)。調査内容は、集落の団体、集落の行事、集落維持の見通し、郷友会、支え合い活動、災害対策の現状、集落の課題、回答者の個人属性等であった。結果、台風被害、伝統的行事の種類、郷友会の現状、支え合い活動については奄美大島と八重山諸島で共通性が見られた。一方、八重山諸島のように観光産業が盛んでない奄美大島では人口減少が大きいため課題を抱えた集落が多かった。また、伝統的行事の存続や集落の維持の見通しについても奄美大島の方がより深刻であった。

The purpose of this study was to clarify the actual conditions and problems of the village communities in the islands of the Ryukyu arc. The questionnaire survey was conducted on 286 chiefs of the village communities and the neighborhood associations in Amami Oshima and the Yaeyama islands. The number of respondents was 177, and the response rate was 61.9%. The contents of the questions were concerning the associations in the village community, the present situations and the prospects for the maintenance of the traditional events, "Goyukai" (immigrant's voluntary association), the situations of the reciprocal help activities, the disaster-related measures, the problems of the community, and the personal attributes of the respondents. Amami Oshima and the Yaeyama islands had many common features as to typhoon damage, traditional events, the present state of "Goyukai", and mutual support activities. On the other hand, since Amami Oshima was less active in the tourism industry than the Yaeyama islands, many village communities in Amami Oshima had some problems due to a decrease in population. They were also pessimistic about prospects for the maintenance of the traditional events and the community itself.

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