Smartphone Accurate 3-D Localization Using Mirror Image Speakers

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  • 鏡像スピーカを用いたスマートフォン高精度3次元測位手法

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本稿では，スピーカ2台から送信される音響信号の直接波と反射波を用いたスマートフォンのための新たな高精度3次元測位手法について述べる．我々は，壁と床からの1次反射波を，壁と床に対するスピーカの鏡像体からの信号ととらえる，鏡像スピーカの概念を新たに提案する．また，スマートフォンを水平にもち，2つの搭載マイクロフォンを利用することで実在スピーカおよび鏡像スピーカからの信号を特定する．2.5mの間隔でスピーカを2台設置し，フロアがリフレクティブな廊下とアブソープティブな廊下にて各々12点での測位実験を行った．評価実験を通して，90th-percentileでの測位誤差が37.7mm未満であることと，最大偶然誤差が5.22mm未満であることを確認した．さらに，Dilution of Precision（DoP）やシミュレーションを用いた考察を行い，鏡像スピーカの有用性を明らかにした．

In this paper, we describe a novel high-accuracy 3-D positioning method for a smartphone using direct and reflected acoustic signals from two existing installed speakers. We propose a new concept called Mirror image speaker regarding primary reflected signals from a wall and a floor as signals transmitted from a virtual speaker at a mirror image position of its original one. We hold a smartphone horizontally, and specify a real speaker and mirror image speakers by using two microphones built-in a smartphone. In our experiments, we installed speakers at intervals of 2.5m along a corridor and estimated the smartphone position at several places on a reflective and an absorptive floor. From these results, we obtained 90th-percentile errors of less than 37.7mm and maximum random errors of less than 5.22mm for 3-D positioning. Furthermore, we clarified the usefulness of mirror image speakers using Dilution of Precision (DoP) measures and confirmed it through computer simulations.

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