臨地実習における看護学生の情報活用の実践力と電子カルテ閲覧の現状

厚生労働省は、保健医療分野の情報化グランドデザイン（2001）の中で、電子カルテシステムの普及を目標とした医療分野の情報化を促進している。看護領域においても情報科学を実践できる看護師の育成が期待されているが、その教育は充分とは言えない。臨地実習のための情報教育も、未だ充分に体系化、系統化されてはいない。そこで、今後の臨地実習における電子カルテの効果的な活用と情報教育についての基礎資料を得ることを目的に、看護実践における情報活用の実践力と臨地実習における電子カルテ閲覧の状況について調査した。調査を行った看護短大３年生（99名）は、自己の情報活用の実践力の中でも特に、情報を発信・伝達することや収集する能力を高く、そして情報を創造する能力を低く認識していた。学生が汎用している、電子ツールを用いた限られた情報量でのコミュニケーションは、情報の簡略化や情報生産のために思考する機会を奪い、情報を創造する能力の低下が危惧されるため、その強化が必要となると考える

In the information Grand Design (2001) in the healthcare field, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare promoted informatization with the aim of increasing the use of patients' electronic records. The objective of training nurses to use informatics has been difficult to attain. Information education for onsite training has not been fully categorized and systematized. Consequently, this paper examines the current condition of nurses' practical ability in information utilization and in accessing patients' electronic records during the onsite training that froms the basis of information utilization in practical nursing. The purpose was to acquire fundamental data concerning the effective usage of patients' electronic records during onsite training and for information education in the future. We studied juniors at school of nursing (99 students). Among the practical abilities in their information utilization, they recognized that they were skilled in sending, communicating, and collecting information, but were less capable in the creation of information. Communication with a limited amount of information using electronic tools popular among students deprives these students of opprtunities to simplify information and to think to create information. Because we fear a deterioration of the ability to create information, we believe it is necessary to strengthen this ability. The students feel less freedom in access control to patients' electronic records, but they can learn the importance of protecting privacy by recognizing that it is indispensable in the maintenance of patient confidentiality. On the other hand, cautiousness and time wasted in accessing the appropriate information can become obstacles in their training. It is necessary to improve the learning environment in order to make full use of information while maintaining confidentiality. Moreover, as a means to protect personal information, we pay careful attention to creating and managing memos regarding patients and limiting the places that have access to patient information, however, we have very few guidelines for the prevention of information leaks resulting from accedd to electronic, information. It is necessary to realize the danger of electronic information leaks and to increase awareness of careful handling of personal information, as well as to make a clearer location and extent of accessing patients' information and management of collected information. It is important to train students to utilize information processing techniques, paying careful attention to security, and to apply acquired information to caring service by connecting nurses' knowledge with onsite training, thoroughly examining the need for information, and carefully selecting the information to be collected.