How Does "Evil" Exist?: A Review from the Viewpoints of Subject and Object

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  • "悪"はどのように在るのか --主体・客体の観点を中心に--
  • "アク"ハ ドノ ヨウ ニ アル ノ カ : シュタイ ・ キャクタイ ノ カンテン オ チュウシン ニ

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Many people have a vague perception of "evil" because it is an obscure concept. This article reviews the character and structure of evil from the perspective of clinical psychology, and relevant studies, such as religion and philosophy. In this perspective, evil is an objectification of destructiveness of relation, and is an attractive subject with creativity and activity. The characteristics of destructive personalities are evil's orientation and relationships. This suggests the importance of establishing a political relationship with evil and involving evil's agencies. This article also reviews the usefulness of tertiary spaces for keeping a safe relationship with evil, such as media and creation in everyday life and dream, drawing, and sandplay in psychotherapy. This article suggests that we have to be "bad enough" in psychotherapy because evil has a chance of maturation although it is dangerous, and we have to keep studying evil.

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