高碕達之助と満州国避難民の抑留・留用、引揚

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  • The role of Tatsunosuke Takasaki in the withdrawal of Japanese refugees from Manchuria (1945-1947)
  • コウキタツユキジョ ト マンシュウコク ヒナンミン ノ ヨクリュウ ・ リュウヨウ 、 ヒキアゲ

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In this study, I examine the role of Tatsunosuke Takasaki（ 1885-1964）, a businessman, in the return of Japanese left in Manchuria after the Second World War. Tatsunosuke Takasaki is well-known as a major negotiator for the commencement of economic relations between Japan and Communist China in the early 1960's. In recent years, research on Takasaki has advanced in Japan. However, much is unclear about his activities in Manchuria（ Northeast China）. Previous studies have demonstrated that: First, Takasaki carried out relief activities for Japanese citizens in Manchuria immediately after the War by leading and organizing the Japanese Relief Assembly of Manchuria. At the time, the Japanese Government was not able to support relief activities directly. Second, he negotiated tactfully for relief with the advancing Soviet troops, Chinese Communist Party, and the Republic of China as the ex-president of Manchuria Heavy Industries Development Corporation （Manshu Jyukogyo or Mangyo）. Third, after negotiation and winning support from the United States, he provided substantial support such as food and security to Japanese citizens left in Manchuria. Finally, after his return to Japan, he made a major effort to utilize the knowledge and experience of the repatriated engineers from Manchuria for the reconstruction of industries in Japan. My study asks the following questions: Why and how could a businessman like Takasaki, who was neither a senior military member nor top government oficial in Manchuria, accomplish relief for the withdrawal of Japanese left in Manchuria? Furthermore, why was he able to negotiate with the Soviet troops for the security of stranded Japanese citizens? The aim of this study is to elucidate the impact of Takasaki's efforts and accomplishments in the immediate aftermath of the Second World War.

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