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目的:明治期に生きた津久井磯の個人史から「産婆並びに病人看護婦養成」,「群馬産婆会」の創立に至った所以を明らかにする.方法:津久井磯が群馬県知事宛に申請した「私立産婆学校設立御伺書」,「津久井磯遺徳碑」,当時の新聞,群馬県史,前橋市史,議会文書等からの史料収集,整理,精読し,津久井磯の背景と「産婆並びに病人看護婦養成」および「群馬産婆会設立」との関連を分析する.結果:(1)津久井磯は,自ら校長となり私立産婆学校を開校し,人々に最良の看護が受けられるよう質の向上を目指して産婆自身による教育を行った.このことによって無資格者を少なくした.(2)群馬産婆会を組織し,行政や社会へ産婆の質向上を目指して組織的に働きかけると共に,明治期の職業婦人として先駆的役割を果たした.(3)群馬産婆会を組織し,職業的倫理を広め産婆の社会的地位を高めた.(4)津久井磯は,明治の近代化の真っ直中を生きた人であり,常に社会に目を向け,産婆の身分の確立を目指して挑戦し続けたと言える.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to elucidate the reasons behind the establishment of 'professional training for midwives and general nurses' and 'the Gunma Midwives Association', based on the personal history of Iso Tsukui (she was born in 1829). Methods: Historical data including Iso Tsukui's application to the Gunma prefectural governor for the establishment of a private midwifery school, the inscription on her monument, newspapers of the day, records of Gunma prefectural and Maebashi city's history as well as council documents were gathered, organized and perused. From these data, the relationship between Iso Tsukui's background and the establishment of professional training for midwives and general nurses and the Gunma Midwifery Association was analyzed. Results and Discussion : 1) Iso Tsukui established and became the principal of the Joumo Private School of Professional Midwives in order to improve nursing quality so that everyone would have access to the best care possible. Training was conducted by the professional midwives and through efforts, the number of unqualified nurses decreased. 2) She systematically appealed to the government and society with the aim of improving the quality of midwives. In this way, she played a pioneering role as a Meiji period career woman. 3) She raised the social standing of midwives by introducing professional ethics and establishing the Gunma Midwives Association. 4) Living at the height of modernization during the Meiji period, Iso Tsukui constantly looked to changes in the society and continued to face the challenge of establishing the social standing of midwives.

寄稿

群馬県立県民健康科学大学紀要 4,1-11,2009