How Can We Teach the Ideal? Focusing on Walter Benjamin's Early Phenomenological Studies on the Concept Theory

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  • 理念的なものはいかに教えられるのか --概念理論をめぐる初期ベンヤミンの現象学研究を手がかりに--
  • リネンテキ ナ モノ ワ イカニ オシエラレル ノ カ : ガイネン リロン オ メグル ショキ ベンヤミン ノ ゲンショウガク ケンキュウ オ テガカリ ニ

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Walter Benjamin tackled the difficult question from his youth of how to teach the ideal without contaminating it with empirical intuition. This paper examines how he continued to investigate this question philosophically and epistemologically through his studies on the theories of concept and idea in the late 1910s and early 1920s, which are influenced by neo-Kantianism and early phenomenological circle. His concern with anti-empiricism is often overseen by previous studies on Benjamin, especially those emphasizing his theory of medium, which mediates the idea and intuition. In contrast, this paper focuses on the often-neglected influence of the neo-Kantian philosopher, Ernst Cassirer, and the phenomenologist of the Munich School, Paul F. Linke, on Benjamin, and reads Benjamin's article "Eidos and Concept, " an article investigating a unique concept theory responding to Linke, against the historical background of his resistance to empiricism and psychologism. This paper clarifies his response to the question of how ideas dissociated from empirical intuition can still be represented in the real world.

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