The Natural Scientific Psychology of Theodor Waitz

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  • ヴァイツの自然科学的心理学
  • ヴァイツ ノ シゼン カガクテキ シンリガク

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In this paper, I aim to make it clear the “natural scientific psychology” of Theodor Waitz (1821-1864). His psychological method is Baconian induction, which sought to extract laws from experience. He did not use experimentation to support his hypotheses like the scientific method of his friend, Carl Ludwig (1816-1895). But Waitz learned from Ludwig the importance of experience and knowledge of physiology as a basis of psychology. Waitz divided emotions into those related to form of representations and those related to their content. That division roughly corresponds to the emotions in “Rational Psychology” part of Herbartʼs A Textbook in Psychology (Lehrbuch der Psychologie) and the emotions in its “Empirical Psychology” part, and does not resemble Drobischʼs. Furthermore, in contrast to Drobisch, who categorized emotions in detail, Waitz treats emotions less than feelings because there are many physiological unknowns in mechanism of emotion arising. Waitzʼs argument lacks the visual clarity that Herbart and Drobisch had.

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