Generation of equatorial plasma bubble after the 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption
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- Shinbori, Atsuki
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
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- Sori, Takuya
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
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- Otsuka, Yuichi
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
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- Nishioka, Michi
- National Institute of Information and Communications Technology
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- Perwitasari, Septi
- National Institute of Information and Communications Technology
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- Tsuda, Takuo
- The University of Electro-Communications
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- Kumamoto, Atsushi
- Department of Geophysics, Tohoku University
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- Tsuchiya, Fuminori
- Planetary Plasma and Atmospheric Research Center, Tohoku University
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- Matsuda, Shoya
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University
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- Kasahara, Yoshiya
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University
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- Matsuoka, Ayako
- Word Data Center for Geomagnetism, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University
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- Nakamura, Satoko
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
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- Miyoshi, Yoshizumi
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
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- Shinohara, Iku
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
Abstract
Equatorial plasma bubbles are a phenomenon of plasma density depletion with small-scale density irregularities, normally observed in the equatorial ionosphere. This phenomenon, which impacts satellite-based communications, was observed in the Asia-Pacific region after the largest-on-record January 15, 2022 eruption of the Tonga volcano. We used satellite and ground-based ionospheric observations to demonstrate that an air pressure wave triggered by the Tonga volcanic eruption could cause the emergence of an equatorial plasma bubble. The most prominent observation result shows a sudden increase of electron density and height of the ionosphere several ten minutes to hours before the initial arrival of the air pressure wave in the lower atmosphere. The propagation speed of ionospheric electron density variations was ~ 480–540 m/s, whose speed was higher than that of a Lamb wave (~315 m/s) in the troposphere. The electron density variations started larger in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern Hemisphere. The fast response of the ionosphere could be caused by an instantaneous transmission of the electric field to the magnetic conjugate ionosphere along the magnetic field lines. After the ionospheric perturbations, electron density depletion appeared in the equatorial and low-latitude ionosphere and extended at least up to ±25° in geomagnetic latitude.
Journal
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- Scientific Reports
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Scientific Reports 13 2023-05-22
Springer Nature
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Keywords
Details 詳細情報について
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- CRID
- 1050577740960469632
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- ISSN
- 20452322
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- HANDLE
- 2433/282846
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- Text Lang
- en
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- Article Type
- journal article
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- Data Source
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- IRDB